When we refer to the properties of galvanized steel, what are we referring to? The properties of steel mainly include mechanical properties, physical properties, and chemical properties, mechanical properties focus on the deformation and fracture characteristics of the material, physical properties are concerned with the physical properties of the material, the chemical properties of the material in different chemical environments is mainly the stability of the material and the ability to react, they are used to describe the characteristics of the material is an important indicator.
Mechanical Properties of Galvanized Steel
The mechanical properties of steel usually refers to the material’s ability to resist damage under external forces, resist local deformation, absorb before fracture, elongate under tension, and return to its original shape after stress. Including strength, hardness, toughness, ductility, elasticity and other indicators. The mechanical properties of galvanized steel coil determine its carrying capacity and durability in processing and use.
| Mechanical Property | Value | Core Benefit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 300-600 MPa (depending on the grade of substrate steel, e.g. DX51D, DX52D, etc.) | High tensile strength ensures resistance to deformation and fracture in building structures, automotive components, etc. |
| Yield Strength | 140-350 MPa | Reflects the maximum bearing capacity of the material before plastic deformation, which directly affects the structural stability. |
| Elongation | ≥15% (ASTM A653 as a standard) | The higher the elongation, the less likely to crack the material in stamping, bending, and other processing. |
| Hardness | 55-85 HRB | Balance of hardness and ductility, to adapt to the needs of complex processing (such as cold-rolled galvanized sheet). |
Physical Properties of Galvanized Steel
The physical properties of steel refer to the characteristics of the material under different physical conditions, including density, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, magnetic properties, specific heat capacity and other properties. The physical properties of galvanized steel coils affect their application and processing efficiency.
| Property | Value | Core Benefit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ | Ensures a standard weight, making it suitable for structural applications. |
| Surface Properties | Coating weight 30-350 g/m² on both sides (e.g., Z30-Z350) | Offers protective coating for corrosion resistance, adaptable to various environmental conditions. |
| Smoothness | Surface roughness (Ra) can be controlled at 0.8-1.5 μm after galvanizing | Optimizes coating adhesion, enhancing durability and protection. |
| Thermal and Electrical Conductivity | Thermal conductivity: unaffected by the galvanized layer; Electrical conductivity: slightly lower than pure steel | Suitable for heat dissipation parts, such as electrical cabinets, while meeting industrial conductivity needs. |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 11.5 x 10⁻⁶/°C | Ensures dimensional stability under temperature changes, similar to carbon steel. |
Chemical Properties of Galvanized Steel
The chemical properties of steel refer to the ability of the material to react in a chemical environment, including resistance to corrosion, the speed and degree of chemical reaction of other substances, stability, etc. The chemical properties of galvanized steel are the same as those of carbon steel. The chemical properties of the zinc coating on the surface of galvanized steel are the core of its corrosion resistance.
- Corrosion resistance: Zinc reacts preferentially with oxygen and water to produce a dense oxide film (ZnO/Zn(OH)₂), which retards corrosion of the base steel.
- Salt spray test life: 480-2000 hours
- Acid and alkali resistance: zinc is stable in pH 6-12 environments, adapting to most natural environments; strong acid (pH<4) or alkali (pH>13) environments require additional coating protection (e.g. color coated galvanized steel).
- Oxidation resistance: zinc coating is stable at ≤200°C, short-term temperature resistance up to 300°C (long-term high temperature requires the use of aluminized zinc products).
- Environmentally friendly: The galvanizing process is RoHS and REACH compliant, with no risk of heavy metal contamination.
Summary
| Performance Dimensions | Core Benefits |
|---|---|
| Mechanical Properties | High strength, easy processing |
| Physical Properties | Uniform surface, balanced thermal conductivity |
| Chemical Properties | Long-lasting rust prevention, environmental adaptability |
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